Socially responsible investing is all the rage these days. By
some estimates, more than $2 trillion, or 12% of professional
management assets, target socially responsible companies.
Shareholders have invested more than $150 billion in socially
oriented mutual funds.
These are funds, or managed accounts, that avoid investing in
"sin" stocks, such as tobacco, alcohol, gambling or defense
(war) companies. They are proactive in supporting companies
favoring environmental- or labor-friendly relations.
Take the Sierra Club Stock Fund (SCFSX), for example. It
severely limits its stock selection to companies that meet
certain "environmental and social criteria" and won't invest in
oil, coal or nuclear power companies, or firms that make tobacco
or weapons. Or, the Timothy Plan Large/Mid-Cap Growth Fund
(TLGAX), part of America's first pro-life, pro-family,
biblically-based mutual fund group. The website states, "If you
are concerned with the moral issues (abortion, pornography,
anti-family entertainment, non-married lifestyles, alcohol,
tobacco and gambling) that are destroying children and families
you have come to the right place."
Social advocates argue that it's a "myth" that you have to
sacrifice return in order to invest according to your moral
values.
Is this true? Can social funds perform well, and perhaps even
outperform the market?
I decided to put this issue to the test, and today, we'll find
out what kind of returns one can expect to get with socially
responsible funds.
"Value" Investing May Not Be a Bargain
Comparing the Sierra Fund and the Timothy Fund over the past two
years, a period which has seen both bull and bear markets. Let's
see which did better, compared to the S&P 500 Index.
The results show that the Timothy Fund under-performed the
market, while the Sierra Club Stock Fund slightly outperformed
the overall market index. According to Morningstar, the Timothy
Fund rates two stars (out of five), while the Sierra Fund rates
four stars. (In case you think I've cherry-picked these social
funds, you might compare the returns of other such funds - I
found no social funds that clearly and consistently beat the
market over time.)
The next question: How well do the social funds perform compared
to "sin" stocks?
Fortunately, we can answer this question today. Since August
2003, the Vice Fund (VICEX) has focused exclusively on investing
in tobacco, alcohol, gambling and defense stocks, all considered
anathema to the socially responsible crowd.
Let's compare the performance of the Sierra Club Stock Fund and
the Vice Fund over the past two years.
Here the results are quite startling. The sinful Vice Fund
clearly outperforms the virtuous Sierra Club Fund!
This conclusion reminds me of the scandalous work The Fable of
the Bees, written in 1714 by Bernard Mandeville, a Dutch
psychiatrist and pamphleteer. He tells the story of a community,
thriving "grumbling hive," that turns "honest" and abandons its
wicked ways, spendthrift habits and wars against its neighbors.
As result, the group is swiftly reduced to poverty and
destruction after converting to a moral community.
Mandeville's infamous paradox leads to the ironic conclusion
that private vice leads to public virtue, "and that the moment
evil ceases, the society must be spoiled."
In 2005, Mandeville is proven right again!
The lesson for investors is not as controversial: If you wish to
maximize your profits, don't limit your investment choices. If
you choose to make value judgments on which stocks you are going
to invest in, you are probably going to hurt your return.
Good trading,
Mark
About the author:
Dr. Mark Skousen is a professional economist, financial advisor,
university professor, author of over 20 books, and
Chairman/Editor of Investment U. In the IU e-Letter, Dr. Skousen
helps nearly 300,000 readers become better investors with
actionable investment advice, including the
Socially Responsible Investing article above.
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